Hidden beneath the tranquil waters of Lake Iznik, just off the ancient city of Nicaea on the shores of Turkey, the ruins of a 5th-century basilica have recently come to light during a routine helicopter survey. For centuries, this historical gem lay unnoticed until archaeologist Mustafa Sahin, the head of the Archaeology Department at Bursa Uludag University, spotted the ancient remnants during an aerial survey, only 100 miles away from Istanbul.
The revelation left Sahin astonished, prompting him to question how such remarkable ruins had eluded notice for so long. The discovery includes the remains of what Sahin believes may have been a temple of Apollon, with a basilica-type church constructed over it in the 5th century.
Sahin, now the main consultant for the basilica excavation, notes that the structure’s initial construction dates back to the 2nd century, with the basilica added in the 5th century CE. Layers of history are embedded in the structure, revealing a captivating narrative of the early Christian church.
The underwater excavation, conducted six to 10 feet beneath the lake’s surface and 165 feet offshore, unveiled intriguing details. The absence of mosaic or stone floors suggests the original structure likely had an earthen or wooden floor. During their dig, the team discovered several graves containing skeletons, including those of young children and a middle-aged adult. This suggests the site may have served as a common burial ground, possibly due to its close connection to St. Neophytos, a Christian saint martyred in Nicea.
The basilica, situated outside the city walls, is believed to be located on the site of St. Neophytos’ grave. Worshippers often sought burial near the graves of saints, and the discovery aligns with the church’s historical ties to St. Neophytos.
As the archaeological work progresses, Sahin speculates that the structure beneath the church might have originally been a pagan temple dedicated to Apollo. Ancient records indicate that the Roman emperor Commodus built such a temple in Nicea just outside the city walls. The excavation team has uncovered coins and fragments of ancient lamps dating back to the temple’s construction, adding another layer to the historical narrative.
With plans to transform the site into an underwater archaeological museum, allowing the public to witness this submerged wonder, the ongoing project promises to unveil more secrets of the past. As researchers delve into the mysteries beneath Lake Iznik, the ancient basilica emerges as a captivating testament to the rich history hidden beneath the waters.
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